Valve for internal-combustion engines



Apr. 24, 1923.

A. C. STEWART VALVE `FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 3, 1920 INVENTOR lfrec/ C. Svewar ATTORNEY Apf. 24, 1923,.A

. 1,452,622 A. C. STEWART VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed May 5, 1920 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WEL-"i: Y 7' sil 32 -77//l//l/ i n NVENTOR /7273'60/ C S'vemarzz BY mmf?. Maya-'f A ATTORNEY ToaZZ whom t may concern y Patented Apr. 24, i933.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGNES.

Application flied Mayv 3,

lBe it knownthat lLedermanC. STEWART, a citizenofthe United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los' Angeles ,and State of California7 have inventedl a new and useful Valve for Internal-Combustion Engines, ofk which the following is a speci ication. f Y l f L .This invention relates to a valve for controlling the operatiton of the Working cylinder of an internal combustionengindand the main object of the invention is to provide a valve adapted to actboth as anfintake and exhaust valve. l Anotherobject of the invention is to provideY an intake or exhaust valve having means for positive Aoperation thereof, as dis` tinguished from the usual cam operated valves. f

Thev accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of my invention, and referring thereto :v e f Fig.'` l is averticalsection of the valve;y

Fig'. 2 is a horizontal section on line2 '2 ingFig.1; y A

;F`g. 3 is a side elevation of the valve and operatingconnections therefor;

Figfl isla perspective lview of an 'elastic Washer for thevalve; Y Fig. 54 is a horizontal section ofthe valve on rligne 5-5 in Fig. 6;

' Fig. 6 lis a vertical secti Fig. l; f i s,

Fig`v7 is a partly sectional'side elevationV kof-a modified formof the valve. Y n

In'Figs. lfto 5 is illustrated a-form'of .the invention particularly adapted for use with internal coinbustiton engines. of the vDiesel on on line 6-6 in type vvherein the yfnel is -injected separatelyy l* from the'air, the air being `drawn into the cylinder and compressed to a high pressure and temperature, and the fuel being injected during theeirpansion stroke. As hereinafter explained, however, my! invention lis not limited to this type of engine.

l indicates a cylinder ofaninternal coinbustion'engine having a port 2 opening thereinto andcolninnnicating Witlra valve ohamber 3 formed in an extension 41; ofthe cylin" der, said p0rtf2 preferably extends taugenn tially .tothecyli'nder so that incoming air sweeps yover the entire space between the passage andthe cylinder head therebyavoid-.` ing the formation of eddies or pockets..v Satable vaterjaeket means? indicated at? i and 1920. Serial N0. 33,499.

7, are provided for the cylinder and the valve. f'

Valve chamber. 3 is provided with tubular passage meansf having a valve seat 9vatits inner end and opening'into. an inlet chambervr l0, Which. is provided'with openings or ports ll for .admission of air,- said passage 8 serves as an air inlet, passage during the intake stroke and as an exhaust passage during the exhaust stroke." r-in exhaust opening lZeXtends from the chamber 10 and in alinement With the tubular passage means 8l in, such'inanner that the exhausty gases issuingI Afrom the r,valve Will be directed by the passage means 8 A into and through theexliaust opening or pipe 12. A yvalve ring or closure means 13 may be provided for normally closing the .openings 1l aforesaid, said valve resting on Vthe bottom of the chamber l() Abyy its own Weight and being raised by the upward pressure lof the air thereon Vwhen suction is produced in the chamber l0 in the :admission stroke of the engine. ,I Y Aivalve l5 is adapted toen-gage the valve seat '9 aforesaid to `close the valve opening and is provided with a tubular stem 16 sliding inV a tubular guide' 1'? mounted'in the casing 3, so that the valve is movable vertically to open and close the valve. Saidvalve is preferably operatedfby the rock shaft 18 mounted in a bearing l9`at thefbotto'm ,of the.' va'lve-casingand connected tothe valveby a crank 2O von saidjshaftvcarryinga pivotal connection 2l to link orconnecting rod 22 which carries at its Vupper end a Wrist pin Qfpivotally engaging` a bushing 24; screvved. intofthe valve stein 16y and alsok pivotally engaging, by its upper face, a 4plunger 24:', Whichis adapted to slide vertically vvithin thetllbliler valve stem 16` aforesaid, a'yield l ingvvasher, orfequivalent yielding device, be-l ing interposed between the plunger 24 and the vvalve stem to enableaslight further upward movement of the pin when the movement of the valve is karrested by reason ofits 'contacting withseatso as `to insure effective closure of 'the valve; Said yielding vwWasher may consist of disks of suitable K ated in any suitable manner, for example, by

n a rod 29 `(seeFig. rconnected by a'pivot 31 to arm on said'shaft and by Crank to a rotative shaft 50, which may be the ordinary tivo-to-one, or fone-half speed shaft which ordinarilyY carries the cams foroperation ofthe valves, Athe arrangement of the parts being such that the valve 15 is opened at the beginning ofthe exhaust stro-ke 3 and port 2 to the cylinder 1. i Valli/*e 15'! then closes l. and remains closed during the sncceeding compression and expansion strokes, ln said expansion stroke fuel is admitted orinjected to the cylinder in' the usualemanner to effect combustion' in such expansion stroke;

again yopened by the operation of shaft 20 `and the exhaust. gases pass from the cylinder 1 through kport 2, chamber 3 and passage 8 and out through the opening or exhaust pipe 12. The momentumv of such exhaust gasesfpassing through thelopening4 or pipe 12 is. sufleient to prevent such gases frombeingI drawn back into the chamber 1.()4 after they have left same. The valve lpremains open inthe next intake stroke and airy is then drawn in through the, pas: sage 8, such airbeing drawn through the openings 11valve 13 being lifted, if such valve is used.- Inv some cases, this valve 13 may be, dispensedwith, ports or openings 11 being permanently o en. The inlet chamber 10 extends latera ly with respect to .the airinletpassage 8, so that air is admitted fromsaid chamber to said passage laterally with respect'to the direction of the passage, Whereas the exhaust connection is in liner with said. passage. The outgoing exhaust gases thereforeY do not interfere with the admission of the air from thekair inlet means which is lateral to the direction yof new of such exhanstgases. It will benoted that ,the valve 15 is Wide open at the beginnin-g, of the intake stroke thereby preventing wiresdrawing and ensuring effectiveadmission ofnair.v fe

, Ateaohclosinggoperation of valve 15 the valve is. enabled to make a uniform and effettive closure. against. .its t seat by reason of iteyieldngconnection, the plunger 24. guessing against the-.lewend'isk-,25rand this ln the succeeding sca-venging or exhaust stroke the valve 15,15

stud 26 and upper disk 25 to the body of the valve 15 so as to press 'the valve home and ensure tight closure without fthe liability of straining the parts. A

ln applyingl my invention to an internal. combustion engine of the usual type in which exzplosive mixture of air and fuel is drawn in during each intake stroke the construction shown in Fig. 7 may be adopted, the inlet chamber 10 communicating with the inlet valve chamber 3 through the passage 8 .being connected to a -pipe or conduit 3a leading to a carbureter or other source of combustible or explosive mixture of fuelA andair. In other respectsy thel construction and operation maybe the same as above de.- scribed. It will be understood therefore that the expression air admission means, as hereinused, includesmeans for admitting air.A together with fuel, or. air alone.,

according to the type of engine with which the kdevice is used.

By the above describedk valve construction I provide for positive operation of the valve in opening by the reciprocating-means 16,' operatedby rotative means 1 8, which is operated by the engine at half the engine speed', and at the same time provide for holdingthe valve elosedb)T such operation during a considerable interval of. time, namely, during the compression and'expansion strokes, in avmanner that vvould'not' otherwise be possibleL in .connection with positive operation. l

The parts may be lubricated in-xany suitable manner, for example, by' supplying oil through passages 36 andj37 to bearing of shaft 18,'Whenee it passes to the interior 0f the member 17 to lubrieatel the same,

What I elaimr is: n v

1. ln combination with a Cylinder'of an internal combustion engine, a valvechamber communicating with said cylinder and having an inlet and exhaustv passage, a valve controlling said passage and provided With operating` means for opening tlievalve during the exhaust strokeandthe succeeding intake stroke` lanexhaust passage'A opposite the-aforesaid passage and in line there- With to reeeivethe exhaustgases therefrom vWhen the valve isvopened in the exhaust stroke,- and admisison means for admitting air to said inlet and exhaust passage,

said air admitting means being arranged' to deliver the air laterally with respect to the said inlet anfl,`exhaust passage means, so

thatthe incommjg air 1s not interfered.l With f by the outgoing exhaust gases.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the eombinatonof an engine cylinder provided withv a single passage meanslfor intakeand exhaust, an exhaust eonnection leading, difreotly from and in line with Said passage means, anfintakeconnection leadingto said pressure being Ytransrnitted through thepassage meansin a direction transverse to the flow of eXhaust gases from said passage the compression and expansion strokes and means, a valve controlling said passage open continuously during the exhaust and `10 means, a shaft operated positively by the intake strokes. i engine, a reciprocating member operated In testimony l whereof I have hereunto 5 by said shaft and a resilient means intersubscribed my name this 21st day of April, posed between said reciprocating member 1920. y and said valve, the construction adapted to holdk the valve closed continuously during n ALFRED C. STEWART. 

